Maize can be grown successfully in a variety of soils ranging from loamy sand to clay loam. Soils with a substantial amount of organic matter, a high water holding capacity, and a neutral pH are thought to be more productive. Being a sensitive crop to moisture stress particularly excess soil moisture and salinity stresses; it is desirable to avoid low-lying fields having poor drainage and also field having higher salinity. Therefore, fields having provision of proper drainage should be selected for the cultivation of maize.

Maize contains about:

• 70-87% (carbohydrates) starch (amylose and amylopectin),
• 6-13% protein.
• 4% fat,
• 2-6% oil
• 1-3% sugar
• The 100g of maize offers 365 Kcal of energy

Additionally, maize is rich in riboflavin, phosphorus, potash, iron, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B. Yellow maize has a high amount of vitamin A (carotenoids), while blue, purple, and red variety is rich in antioxidants and phenolic compounds (2).